Essential Screenings
Essential screenings can help find cancers and other diseases early, when they are easier to treat. Many cancers have no symptoms at first, but screenings can catch them in time. Getting routine screenings could save your life.
Cervical Cancer Screening
Cervical cancer screening helps detect abnormal changes in the cervix before they become cancerous. The two main screening tests are:
- Pap Smear (Pap Test): Detects abnormal cervical cells
- HPV Test: Identifies high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types that can lead to cervical cancer
Who Should Get Screened?
- Ages 21-29: Pap smear every 3 years
- Ages 30-65: Every 3 years (or every 5 years with HPV testing)
- 65 and older: Screening may stop if past results were normal
Why is Screening Important?
Early detection allows for timely treatment, reducing the risk of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is largely preventable with the right measures: HPV vaccination, regular screening, safe sexual practices and no smoking.
HPV and Cervical Cancer:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus spread through sexual contact. Most HPV infections go away on their own, but some high-risk types can cause abnormal cell changes that may lead to cervical cancer. The HPV test can help detect these high-risk strains early, allowing timely monitoring and treatment. The virus can infect both men and women and usually doesn’t cause any signs or symptoms. Most people don’t know they have it, which makes it easy to spread. That’s why routine screenings are so important.
How is the Test Done?
A healthcare provider collects a sample of cervical cells during a pelvic exam. The procedure is quick and usually painless.
- Normal results: Continue regular screenings
- Abnormal results: Follow-up testing may be needed
Regular screening is key to prevention. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best schedule for you.
Pap Smear Test
A pap smear is a screening test that checks for abnormal cervical cells that could lead to cervical cancer. It helps detect changes early so they can be treated before becoming serious.
Who Needs a Pap Smear?
- Ages 21-29: Pap smear every 3 years
- Ages 30-65: Every 3 years (or every 5 years with HPV testing)
- 65 and older: Screening may stop if past results were normal
What to Expect During the Test
A healthcare provider collects a small sample of cervical cells using a soft brush and spatula. The procedure takes only a few minutes and may cause mild discomfort but is not usually painful.
Understanding Your Results
- Normal: Indiates no abnormal cells were found and you may continue routine screenings
- Abnormal: Indicates additional testing may be needed to check for HPV or precancerous changes
Why is a Pap Smear Important?
Regular pap smears help detect cervical changes early, allowing for prompt treatment and reducing the risk of cervical cancer.
Preparation Tips
You should avoid sex, douching, and vaginal creams 24-48 hours before the test. Schedule the test when you’re not on your period for the best results.
Talk to your healthcare provider about the best screening schedule for you.
Approval Date: 5/2/2025
Approval Code: HSH25267 / HSH25266